ST_Transform(g, target_srid)

Transforms a geometry from one spatial reference system (SRS) to
another. The return value is a geometry of the same type as the input
geometry with all coordinates transformed to the target SRID,
target_srid. Prior to MySQL 8.0.30, transformation support was limited
to geographic SRSs (unless the SRID of the geometry argument was the
same as the target SRID value, in which case the return value was the
input geometry for any valid SRS), and this function did not support
Cartesian SRSs. Beginning with MySQL 8.0.30, support is provided for
the Popular Visualisation Pseudo Mercator (EPSG 1024) projection
method, used for WGS 84 Pseudo-Mercator (SRID 3857). In MySQL 8.0.32
and later, support is extended to all SRSs defined by EPSG except for
those listed here:

o EPSG 1042 Krovak Modified

o EPSG 1043 Krovak Modified (North Orientated)

o EPSG 9816 Tunisia Mining Grid

o EPSG 9826 Lambert Conic Conformal (West Orientated)

ST_Transform() handles its arguments as described in the introduction
to this section, with these exceptions:

o Geometry arguments that have an SRID value for a geographic SRS do
  not produce an error.

o If the geometry or target SRID argument has an SRID value that refers
  to an undefined spatial reference system (SRS), an ER_SRS_NOT_FOUND
  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/8.0/en/server-error-reference
  .html#error_er_srs_not_found) error occurs.

o If the geometry is in an SRS that ST_Transform() cannot transform
  from, an ER_TRANSFORM_SOURCE_SRS_NOT_SUPPORTED
  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/8.0/en/server-error-reference
  .html#error_er_transform_source_srs_not_supported) error occurs.

o If the target SRID is in an SRS that ST_Transform() cannot transform
  to, an ER_TRANSFORM_TARGET_SRS_NOT_SUPPORTED
  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/8.0/en/server-error-reference
  .html#error_er_transform_target_srs_not_supported) error occurs.

o If the geometry is in an SRS that is not WGS 84 and has no TOWGS84
  clause, an ER_TRANSFORM_SOURCE_SRS_MISSING_TOWGS84
  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/8.0/en/server-error-reference
  .html#error_er_transform_source_srs_missing_towgs84) error occurs.

o If the target SRID is in an SRS that is not WGS 84 and has no TOWGS84
  clause, an ER_TRANSFORM_TARGET_SRS_MISSING_TOWGS84
  (https://dev.mysql.com/doc/mysql-errors/8.0/en/server-error-reference
  .html#error_er_transform_target_srs_missing_towgs84) error occurs.

ST_SRID(g, target_srid) and ST_Transform(g, target_srid) differ as
follows:

o ST_SRID() changes the geometry SRID value without transforming its
  coordinates.

o ST_Transform() transforms the geometry coordinates in addition to
  changing its SRID value.

URL: https://dev.mysql.com/doc/refman/8.0/en/spatial-operator-functions.html

